Perm Krai topographic map

Average elevation: 75 m

Average elevation: 50 m

Most of the border of Russia with Georgia and Azerbaijan runs along most of the Caucasus' length. The Georgian Military Road (Darial Gorge) and Trans-Caucasus Highway traverse this mountain range at altitudes of up to 3,000 metres (9,800 ft).

Average elevation: 5,128 m

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Average elevation: 3,217 m

Eastern and central Sakha comprises numerous north–south mountain ranges of various ages. These mountains extend up to almost 3,000 metres (9,800 ft), but above a few hundred metres they are almost completely devoid of vegetation. The Verkhoyansk Range was extensively glaciated in the Pleistocene, but the…

Average elevation: 346 m

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According to a conference paper published in 2016 the crater did not show any signs of stabilization after several decades (since 1980s) of slump growth, with the headwall retreating with observed rates of generally >10 m and up to 30 m per year closer to 2016. Reconstruction of a paleo-surface revealed that…

Average elevation: 279 m

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Kazbek is located on the Khokh Range, a mountain range which runs north of the Greater Caucasus Range, and which is pierced by the gorges of the Ardon and the Terek. At its eastern foot runs the Georgian Military Road through the pass of Darial 2,378 meters (7,805 feet). The mountain itself lies along the edge…

Average elevation: 4,324 m

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Average elevation: 185 m

The largely unglacierised Kane island has a maximum altitude of 282 m (925 ft). It is about 5.8 km (3.6 mi) in length, measured from north to south. The northeastern tip is called Cape Hellwald (Russian: мыс Гельвальда) while Cape Easter (Russian: мыс Пасхи) is in the southeast.

Average elevation: 79 m

Although at high elevations taiga grades into alpine tundra through Krummholz, it is not exclusively an alpine biome, and unlike subalpine forest, much of taiga is lowlands.

Average elevation: 249 m

Vanin Bay on the Strait of Tartary was named after a topographer who worked in a team that prepared maps of the coast in 1874. Vanino was established in 1907.

Average elevation: 57 m

Average elevation: 110 m

Average elevation: 2,477 m

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Average elevation: 1,977 m

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Average elevation: 15 m

The Neva flows out of Lake Ladoga near Shlisselburg, flows through Neva's lowlands and discharges into the Baltic Sea in the Gulf of Finland. It has a length of 74 kilometres (46 mi), and the shortest distance from the source to the mouth is 45 kilometres (28 mi). The river banks are low and steep, on average…

Average elevation: 8 m

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Average elevation: 1,320 m